Eventually, three expression hosts of Bacillus (B. The L-asparaginase activity of B. licheniformis 0F3 and BL10, and B. subtilis WB800, was determined. B. licheniformis BL10 exhibited the maximum activity, reaching 4383 U/mL, an 8183% improvement over the control. This particular shake flask experiment has produced the highest concentration of L-asparaginase in the available data. Collectively, the investigation's outcome was a B. licheniformis strain, BL10/PykzA-P43-SPSacC-ansZ, adept at producing L-asparaginase, thus forming the bedrock for industrial scale L-asparaginase production.
Converting straw into chemicals within a biorefinery system is a helpful method to lessen the environmental impact of straw burning. This paper presents the creation and analysis of gellan gum immobilized Lactobacillus bulgaricus T15 gel beads (LA-GAGR-T15 gel beads), alongside a novel approach to continuous cell recycle fermentation for maximizing D-lactate (D-LA) production using these beads. The considerable fracture stress of (9168011) kPa was observed in LA-GAGR-T15 gel beads, which was 12512% higher than the fracture stress of calcium alginate immobilized T15 gel beads (calcium alginate-T15). The LA-GAGR-T15 gel beads exhibited enhanced resilience, leading to a substantial reduction in the tendency of leakage under strain conditions. A substantial average D-LA production of 7,290,279 g/L was achieved after ten recycles (720 hours) of fermentation using LA-GAGR-T15 gel beads and glucose. This significant yield represents a 3385% improvement over the use of calcium alginate-T15 gel beads and a 3770% increase compared to free T15. Glucose was subsequently replaced by the enzymatically hydrolyzed corn straw and underwent fermentation, cycling ten times (240 hours), using LA-GAGR-T15 gel beads. Remarkably, the D-LA yield reached 174079 grams per liter per hour, vastly surpassing the yield obtained through the use of free bacteria. selleck kinase inhibitor The ten-cycle recycling process yielded a gel bead wear rate of less than 5%, suggesting LA-GAGR as a highly durable cell immobilization carrier with the potential for broad application within the industrial fermentation industry. This investigation offers fundamental data for the industrial production of D-LA using a cell-recycled fermentation process, and concurrently introduces a novel biorefinery for the extraction of D-LA from agricultural corn straw.
The goal of this study was to design a technically sophisticated system that would effectively facilitate the high-efficiency photo-fermentation of Phaeodactylum tricornutum for fucoxanthin production. A comprehensive study, conducted in a 5-liter photo-fermentation tank, investigated the effects of initial light intensity, nitrogen source and concentration, as well as light quality on the accumulation of fucoxanthin and biomass concentration in P. tricornutum, under mixotrophic conditions. The biomass concentration, fucoxanthin content, and productivity attained maximum values of 380 g/L, 1344 mg/g, and 470 mg/(Ld), respectively, under optimal conditions, which included an initial light intensity of 100 mol/(m²s), a mixed nitrogen source of 0.02 mol TN/L of tryptone urea (11, N mol/N mol), and a mixed red/blue (R:B = 61) light. These values are 141, 133, and 205 times higher than the corresponding values prior to optimization. The advancement of marine natural products is facilitated by this study's development of a key technology—photo-fermentation of P. tricornutum—to improve fucoxanthin production.
Steroids, a category of medications, have substantial physiological and pharmacological effects. Through Mycobacteria transformation, steroidal intermediates are primarily produced in the pharmaceutical industry, and subsequently undergo chemical or enzymatic modifications to be converted into sophisticated steroidal compounds. While the diosgenin-dienolone route has its merits, Mycobacteria transformation stands out due to its readily available raw materials, affordable production costs, rapid reaction, high output, and minimal environmental impact. Mycobacteria's phytosterol degradation pathway, its key enzymes, and their catalytic mechanisms are further elucidated through genomics and metabolomics, paving the way for their application as chassis cells. This review compiles the advances in identifying steroid-converting enzymes from diverse species, the alteration of Mycobacteria genetic material, the augmented expression of heterologous genes, and the optimization and refinement of Mycobacteria as cellular platforms.
The valuable metal resources embedded within typical solid waste present a prime opportunity for recycling. Factors extensively impact the bioleaching of typical solid waste. A green and efficient metal recovery process, informed by the characterization of leaching microorganisms and the elucidation of leaching mechanisms, could potentially play a role in China's dual carbon strategic goals. This paper undertakes a comprehensive review of the diverse microbial agents utilized in metal extraction from conventional solid waste. It further investigates the underlying action mechanisms of metallurgical microorganisms, and subsequently forecasts the expanded applications of these microbes in addressing typical solid waste management.
The broad implementation of zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles in research, medicine, industry, and other sectors has generated considerable discourse about their biosafety profile. There is no way to avoid the discharge into the municipal sewage treatment system. ZnO NPs and CuO NPs, with their unique physical and chemical features, may have detrimental effects on microbial community members and their growth and metabolism, thus influencing the reliability of the sewage nitrogen removal process. Diving medicine This research examines how two representative metal oxide nanoparticles, ZnO NPs and CuO NPs, impair the function of nitrogen removal microorganisms in wastewater treatment. Moreover, a conclusive overview of the factors impacting the cytotoxic potential of metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) is given. A theoretical framework for future mitigation and emerging treatments of nanoparticle-induced harm to wastewater treatment systems is presented in this review.
Eutrophication in water bodies dramatically compromises the protection of the aquatic environment. The ecological approach to water eutrophication, achieved through microbial remediation, exhibits outstanding efficiency, minimized resource consumption, and no secondary pollution, solidifying its importance as a remediation strategy. Denitrifying phosphate-accumulating organisms and their roles in wastewater treatment procedures have been the subject of growing research attention in recent years. In contrast to the standard nitrogen and phosphorus removal procedure employed by denitrifying bacteria and phosphate-accumulating organisms, denitrifying phosphate-accumulating organisms are capable of simultaneously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in alternating anaerobic and anoxic/aerobic conditions. Recent years have witnessed reports of microorganisms capable of simultaneously eliminating nitrogen and phosphorus, exclusively under aerobic conditions, though the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. This review encompasses a detailed analysis of denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms' species and attributes, along with microorganisms capable of performing concurrent nitrification-denitrification and phosphorous removal. The review examines the interplay between nitrogen and phosphorus removal, elaborating on the underlying mechanisms and the complexities of synchronizing denitrification with phosphorus removal. It concludes with a forecast of future research directions for improving the performance of denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms.
The development of synthetic biology has notably contributed to the construction of efficient and environmentally sound microbial cell factories, providing a crucial strategy for chemical production. The poor adaptability of microbial cells to the harshness of industrial environments is the decisive factor limiting their productivity. A specific period of microorganism domestication is attainable via adaptive evolution. The targeted application of selection pressure ensures the desired phenotypic and physiological properties become adapted to a particular environment. Microbial cell factory productivity has been boosted by recent breakthroughs in technologies such as microfluidics, biosensors, and omics analysis, which underpin the application of adaptive evolution. Adaptive evolution's pivotal technologies and their significant applications in improving environmental endurance and production efficacy of microbial cell factories are discussed. Subsequently, we were excited by the prospect of adaptive evolution enabling industrial production by means of microbial cell factories.
Ginsenoside Compound K (CK) displays pharmacological properties that are both anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory. Natural ginseng has not been a source for this compound, which is primarily created through the deglycosylation of protopanaxadiol. In the preparation of CK, protopanaxadiol-type (PPD-type) ginsenoside hydrolases-mediated hydrolysis exhibits superior advantages over conventional physicochemical methods in terms of high specificity, environmentally benign attributes, high yields, and high stability. overwhelming post-splenectomy infection This review categorizes PPD-type ginsenoside hydrolases into three groups, differentiating them by the glycosyl-linked carbon atoms targeted by their enzymatic action. The study determined that the predominant hydrolase types capable of generating CK were PPD-type ginsenoside hydrolases. To aid the development of CK's large-scale production and industrial use in foods and pharmaceuticals, the applications of hydrolases in CK preparation were comprehensively summarized and critically assessed.
The benzene ring is a key component of the class of aromatic compounds. Because of their stable structures, aromatic compounds are resistant to decomposition, accumulating within the food cycle and posing a severe threat to the ecological balance and human well-being. Bacteria demonstrate a strong catabolic function, enabling the degradation of various persistent organic pollutants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).